Wednesday, August 14, 2013

Depression and Dealing with Loss


It's an odd title for a botany-themed blog isn't it? But it's relevant to what I'm going to talk about today.

First off, I apologize to my friends, family, and everyone following this blog, because I have been away for so long without any new material. I have mentioned before that I am a student, what I haven't mentioned before is that I also have a chronic health problem, one that on any given day may be tolerable or horrendous. Sadly, for the last two months, it has fallen on the side of vicious. It's disrupted my hobbies of botany, my personal relationships, and my job. It's pretty much taken over my life. And with such a disruption, paired with being home bound so frequently, it's led me straight into depression.

I hope that most of the people reading this will never ever have to deal with depression (or ulcerative colitis, for that matter). But for those that have suffer, and do suffer still, from it, it's a horrible disease. It eats you up inside, it doesn't let you do anything you want or need to do, and better yet, it convinces you that you don't want to do them. I work in IT, and I love it. I love coming into work, seeing friends and getting meaningful work done. I love being a problem solver and helping people get their technological needs met. It's part of who I am, but depression tells me that I don't want to do it, that I can't do it, that I'll never be good enough to do it. It makes you want to give up everything you love, and it's too good at convincing you of your shortcomings. It also likes to point out how many mistakes you make, as well as making them seem much worse than they are. Depression will turn all of your negative thoughts into self-fulfilling prophesies.

I'm not even sure if there is anything I can say to anyone else to help them get through these times, as I am certainly still embroiled in my own depression. But if I could say one thing to anyone who reads this, who suffers, or may suffer in the future, it would be to never listen to that bastard. It's never as bad as your depression tells you it is. People love and care about you and you are a wonderful and needed person. We all have gifts to share with the world. You matter, and what you do matters. I ask too that if it starts getting too difficult to deal with, please talk to someone, don't keep it inside. The longer you wait to get help the worse it will get, and it will be that much harder to get away from it.


This may sound weird, but I take plant losses very seriously. To me, losing a plant can hurt just as much as losing a pet. They are living, breathing organisms, and we take them in our care, in our homes, just as we do animals. It can be very difficult to lose one, but for me, most recently, I had many losses (and almost losses) all at once. It was hard to deal with, both personally and professionally. Who am I to offer advice and to teach all my readers about plants when I lose 20 some plants all at once to a few stupid screw-ups? Well, in a lot of ways, it perhaps proves that we all make mistakes, and, though hard, it's an important lesson. I won't forget what I learned from my experience, and I am also here to help tell you what not to do.

About 2 weeks ago, I tried to give my Nepenthes some extra light to help stimulate pitcher production. They need UV light to promote healthy pitcher production. I figured that removing my greenhouse cover would help them with this (it's important to note that on the best days, my greenhouse only gets about 5 hours of direct light, so I figured that this would be fine for my plants). Well, they loved it, all but two that is. My Nepenthes petiolata (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepenthes_petiolata) and my N. hamata (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepenthes_hamata) did not like the light. They both suffered severe sunburn from the experience. Now, they could recover on their own, and the petiolata was, however, the sunburn was extensive and severe enough on the hamata that it got a fungal infection (which is what I was worried about when I saw the burn). Now, I certainly don't advocate doing this on a regular basis, and I tried to let it weather the storm, waiting a couple weeks watching to see if it would recover, but as I had lost a Nepenthes recently that I had been trying to save for the last 6 months, only to watch it slowly succumb to disease and die, I broke out my tebuconazole, which is a very potent systemic fungicide, and I waited.

While this was happening, I had also moved my sarracenia starts to a new location so that they could start being weaned off of the humidity dome, and also so that I could put a new batch of seedlings underneath the plant light. Unfortunately, I didn't realize that so much water had evaporated from the tray, and the next morning I found about 20 dried and dead Sarracenia. Another 30 or so have slowly withered away and died since.

I recently replanted my two dragonfruit starts that I grew from seed outdoors in terracotta pots. I just used regular potting soil (it's what they had been in previously) and they were growing and acclimating to the new levels of sunshine and loving life, and then one day they both collapsed. Both of their root systems have rotted away, and I suspect some sort of fungal infection transmitted by gnats (or some other small flying insect). When I brought them in, the one that had it worst had them on the soil. I've seen this before in my Nepenthes hybrid that died.

I have a Drosera regia (King Sundew) that I got late last year, and it's beautiful (and temperamental). Regias are cool because they (like the D. capensis) will wrap their leaves around their prey, usually very dramatically. I have heard stories(big fish stories?) of them tying themselves in knots over insects they catch. They are also the largest of the sundews, growing up to two feet in height when fully grown. They are very neat. Mine started to die back drastically and rapidly. It had been in the same spot for some time and was happy and healthy, only to suddenly and dramatically start to wither away.

All of these events happened within a 3 or 4 day span, and in the middle of my aforementioned depression, it sent me spiraling downward. But there is always hope, and loss is a part of life. It's never easy to deal with losing a plant, a pet, or a person, but we all pull through, in our own way. And oftentimes, things aren't as bleak as they initially appear to be.

I removed my Nepenthes from their current shelter, put them under a gentler light, used the fungicide (as I mentioned earlier), and gave them extra attention and time. They are both recovering, both showing new growth, and the petiolata even has a new pitcher that has opened up. They are now back with the rest of my collection, enjoying the (once again) filtered sunlight. I refilled the Sarracenia tray, up to a very high level compared to earlier, replaced the dome and put them back under the plant light, I figured at the least, I would save the ones that were still healthy, but to my surprise some of the Sarracenia starts that I had pegged as dried out and dead have new growth popping out. I snipped off the roots of one of the dragonfruit starts (they were mostly gone by this time anyway), and then noticed that the other has already severed it's connection to it's roots. I set them in shallow cups of filtered water with some sulfur spray to reduce the chance of fungus (sulfur is an organic option to the tebuconazole, however it only works as a preventative, once the damage has started, it won't reverse it. And although my dragonfruits are probably still the most delicate, at least one seems to be re-rooting. And my regia just really needed a trim. I cut off the older dead leaves from the base and (for good measure) put it in a brighter spot, it's recovering and seems much happier.

Not every sad story will have a happy ending, however, if I can impart anything to my readers, things aren't often as bad as they seem. Sometimes things work out better than we expect, and we are often better people for having gone through them and learned from our mistakes. It was a painful lesson, but I did learn a lot over this ordeal.

Friday, April 26, 2013

Metro Master Gardeners

A long time ago I was planning on attending Oregon State University (for my out of state readers, you may know OSU for the Beavers, one of two Oregon Pac-12 teams) for a botany degree. Though that plan was put on hold, I still think of myself as a part of the school, if only by tenuous association. The reason I mention this is it might partially explain my love of the Metro Master Gardeners, and really, the OSU Master Gardeners in general. The other reason being because they are completely awesome.

For those who have no idea who I'm talking about, the OSU Master Gardeners are a group of people who have gone through OSU's Master Gardener program (obviously, right?). It is a one term credit-less class, that (if it were credited) would be somewhere on the order of 12 credits for that one term. It is a certification that requires both a 6 hour class and 6 hours of volunteer work per week. It usually is held in many locations in the Willamette Valley during Winter term (again, for out of staters, Oregon uses a term system, as opposed to the more traditional semester system, our Winter term usually begins the week after New Year's and continues for 10 weeks (+1 week for finals)). Graduates preform community services through providing information though call-lines as well as setting up tables in certain places that generally cater to gardening and sustainability practices. For example, they tend to make weekend appearances at the Oregon Zoo during summer.

I have been wanting to join their ranks for some time now, but due to time and money, it's been difficult for me. I think in many ways it would be beneficial to both myself and the Gardeners. I am very much a novice, and for myself, I think it would help me prove to myself and others that I do have some formal training. I feel I would also be good for the Gardeners. I am not 100% certain of their age range, however it seems to attract those of an older generation. There is absolutely nothing wrong with this, however, I think it's important to show not only the program, but older generations, that people of my age are certainly interested in gardening and horticulture. I think that this is very obvious to the casual observer in the Northwest, perhaps especially in the Portland area; but it can be good for more official organizations to see interest from all age groups. I have made it a person goal to have a Master Gardener feather in my cap before I turn 30.

I most recently had the pleasure of talking with a Master Gardener this last weekend at our local New Seasons.  I was inquiring about good organic slug deterrent/pesticide, she suggested Sluggo, and against the very traditional beer trap. Apparently, the beer-battered slugs are a raccoon delicacy. I will also be trying crushed egg shells. She also provided me with a large amount of material, including how-tos, coupons, and lettuce seeds.

The Metro Master Gardeners are also holding a gardening fair Saturday, May 4th. I will most likely be attending, it's in the Woodstock neighborhood of Portland. If you're interested, it looks like it's going to be fun.

If you haven't yet. Get your seedlings started!! You're running out of time for many plants. If you still haven't planted peas (and you were planning on it) you should put them in the soil right now. I will be doing that this weekend, as well as direct sowing my free lettuce (which was a mix of many types).

Sarracenia Northwest have a workshop coming up on June 8th, as well as an open house on July 14th and 15th. They will also be at the Canby Spring Garden Fair (May 4th–5th).

Also, Oregon native plant sale is happening at the Tualatin Hills Nature Park this Saturday (April 27th)


Links!


Sarracenia Northwest open house and workshops:

Tualatin Hills Nature Park native plant sale:
http://www.thprd.org/nature/programs/nativeplantsales.cfm

Tuesday, April 9, 2013

Journal for April 9th, 2013

What's up with me:

I love Territorial Seed. I look forward to their spring catalogue every year. It's become a bit of a tradition for me, even if I haven't always grown a garden every year. There is something wonderful about flipping through it, looking for new items, seeing vegetables or fruits that I've never heard of before. They frequently offer many rare or unique cultivars, like everyone's darling last year, the indigo rose tomato, developed in Oregon at OSU.

I remember while I was growing up, how I would thumb through it, always telling my dad and mom that I want to grow one of everything. My dad, learning from his mom, became a gardener. He would always get tons of seed and plant catalogues every year, each new one was a treasure, looking for plants that I had never heard of or ever seen before. Territorial always stuck out to me, there was always something about their style, their wonderful information, and their selection that made me enjoy it every single time.

Never one to disappoint, Territorial had another beautiful catalogue filled with tons of new cultivars and a new book that I am absolutely intrigued with, The Drunken Botanist. Written by Amy Stewart, the book chronicles many unique drink mixes, with Territorial offering many of the plants and herbs required for the drinks. They're even hosting videos of her on their youtube account, alongside their awesome planting and harvesting help videos.

I absolutely recommend Territorial Seed for their great variety and absolutely great quality, plus, for you Northwesterners, it's a local company.

I've already gotten my seeds from them this year, and started most of them. I just use Jiffy starters (which are just tiny tiny greenhouses with many seeding “pots”, they are cheap, but generally last a couple years (plus they're recyclable if they do fall apart). I did my planting about a week ago and already have about 1/2 of my plants coming up. No tomatoes or peppers yet, but they generally take longer than the rest (tomatoes can be a couple weeks, peppers can be up to 3).

Sadly, I lost two of my wasabi starts, and I think I'm starting to see a trend with the variety Mazuma, it is very susceptible to fungal attacks, which is probably a big part of why Daruma is more widely grown. As it stands, I have one of each left (the other Daruma start was just too small, and didn't really take off), and I've decided that I've had enough of fungal infections (seeing as I recently lost my poinsettia to one as well. I purchased an organic sulfur-based fungicide, and, not wanting any repeats, have already used in on my remaining wasabi. I'm not going to take any chances, even with the stronger Daruma.

What's up with the season:

This Winter in the Northwest has been pretty mild and very dry. It's raining a bit as I write this, however, I have a sinking feeling that we're going to have a dry summer. Our snow pack in the Willamette Valley isn't as good as it should be. I'm hoping we won't have a drought, but I'm nervous that we'll have a minor one at the very least.

Otherwise, now is a great time to get your seedlings started indoors if you haven't yet. Tulips are blooming right now, as are daffodils, and many others. My favorite Oregon-native flowers, Trilliums, are blooming too.

What's up in the world:
If you live in the Portland Metro Area, the Tualatin Hills Nature Park is having small Saturday plant sales for the next couple weeks, leading up to a very large one on the 27th of April from 10a-2p. I'll be elsewhere that weekend, but I would love to go otherwise. They're having a native plant sale, selling somewhere in the range of 70+ native Northwest plants.

Next month there is the Spring Garden Fair in Canby, OR. I'll definitely be going, and my wonderful colleagues from Sarracenia Northwest will be there too. I've never been, but I'm excited to go. I think it'll be a lot of fun.

I just caught an awesome episode of Nature on OPB (our local PBS station) this morning, What Plants Talk About. It just aired last week and looked into the chemical signaling that plants use to talk to eachother as well as the signals they use to fight against predation as well as other plants. It was great, if you have an hour, check it out, the full episode is online.


Alright everyone! Good growing!


Links:
Spring Garden Fair:

Metro Master Gardeners April planting guide:

Territorial Seed Company:


Monday, March 11, 2013

Oregon and Canola

As I mentioned in my previous post, the State of Oregon has decided to allow genetically modified canola to be grown in a test area of the Willamette Valley.

As it turns out, it still needs to pass the house and senate.  I urge all my Oregonian followers (which I bet is most or all of you) to weigh in your opinion, either for or against.  Food rights are important to us all, whether you think so or not.

If you're willing to weigh in, here is the link to write your local Representative and Senator:

http://www.leg.state.or.us/writelegsltr/

If you want to personally phone them, but you don't know their number, check this link out:

http://www.leg.state.or.us/findlegsltr/



For the politically active-minded that follow me (which again, I have a feeling is all or at least most of you), you might have a pet issue.  This is mine.  Those who know me also know that I love technology, I volunteer as an IT worker for Portland State University.  I love science, but I feel that we step into dangerous waters with the issue of GMOs without truly understanding the consequences.

I also see this as a non-partisan issue, we talk about the basic rights of individuals to buy, sell, give, hold, and trade seeds without any worry that they are violating copyright law by doing so.  This issue redefines whether or not we're allowed to grow plants freely, or if we are merely leasing them from a corporation.  We define whether or not we want biodiversity in our land and our food.

Please, I urge you all to at least look into this issue, be better informed, and exercise your rights as an American citizen, and in this case, Oregonians, your rights as citizens of our beautiful and diverse state.


I've included my letter that I sent out, all are allowed to use it if they so choose, or modify it as they see fit (I release it under the GNU General Public Licence (GPL)):
___

Hey all,

I wanted to voice my opposition to genetically modified canola being allowed in the valley.

Oregon is one of the few places in the world that large amounts speciality seed is grown.  Due to Monsanto and other biotech companies being allowed (for the first time in human history) to copyright DNA, any crossbreeding (including accidental) of their crops and speciality seed grower's crops will result in the loss of years of work, and the loss of breeding rights of growers.  Monsanto will legally own anything that crossbreeds with their Canola.

Now, to clarify, this doesn't mean that *just* people growing organic or traditionally grown canola will lose the rights to their own seeds.  It means that anyone growing anything remotely related to canola will lose rights to their seeds.

The following plants *will* crossbreed with canola:
-Mustard (all species)
-Cabbage (all species)
-Turnip
-Rutabaga
-Kale
-Broccoli
-Cauliflower
-Brussel Sprouts
-Kohl Rabi
-And many more

Brassica vegetables are one of our largest staple crops.  You have a two basic choices in front of you; you can either hand over all rights to Brassica crop seeds to Monsanto now, saving years of heartbreak to the farmers of the Willamette Valley, billions in lawsuits, and condemn all Oregon farmers to eventually being owned by Monsanto and it's ilk; *or* you can do the right thing and stop this from passing through, giving Oregon farmers their rights, stand strong against a corporation who has in the past, and will continue to try to undermine personal rights and freedom of any person who plants seeds to see them grow: farmers, growers, and any person who has ever been entranced by the joy of gardening.

Thank you for your time,
-Bart Brandner


___


Thank you everyone.  On a lighter tone, I hope all of you are doing well this Winter.  I think this will be an early Spring for Oregon, and I hope all your early gardening is going well.  I will be doing another journal entry soon.  I have a community garden plot now, so expect to hear me gush about that.

Take care dear readers, good growing!

Monday, February 25, 2013

Journal for February 25th, 2013


What's up with me:
I love my apartment, however I've never been particularly good at space management. Part of this I think has to do with the fact that shelving can be expensive, depending on what stores and resources you have close to home. I especially needed a shelving system for my plants. Last year I managed to find this awesome mini greenhouse that was for sale at some stores nearby. It's something like 7'x3'x2', with an opaque plastic cover. I thought about getting it (and setting it up in the apartment due to patio restrictions) and talked it over with my wife, and when we decided to go for it, it was gone. When we were perusing Bi-Mart the other day, I was happy to see that they just got a shipment in and we just picked it up.

Though I might put it in a different part of the apartment eventually, for now I will utilize it in it's current spot. It's perfect for our tropicals. I think our carnivores will all enjoy the new space quite a bit. I tossed (well, set, I would never throw my babies) a couple orchids in there as well. I'd love to let the vanilla join them, but I think one of them has gotten just a little too big, and knowing that it's sibling will do the same thing soon enough, I'm going to keep them out of it.

I honestly feel that if you have a patio garden (especially if you're sure people would leave it alone, and you don't have as many restrictions as we have) that this would be a great addition, especially for orchids and tropicals if you happen to have them. Likewise, it makes for good indoor plant shelving, provided that you don't mind sacrificing some space and a window for it. Which isn't to say that it wouldn't be good for a normal sized garden, and as it was less than $50, it's hard to not suggest it. I've also seen them at Fred Meyers, but Bi-Mart (which is a local Northwest business) has it substantially cheaper.


What's up with the Season:
The days are getting longer, though it's still pretty cold outside. However, I already see new growth outside. My tulips are starting to poke out (including one that I missed last year), the gooseberry has new buds, and I'm seeing just a little bit of new growth on one of my Sarracenias. I think that this Spring and Summer will be a good one for Oregon.

On the inside, I have new wasabi starts. All but one are doing beautifully (and I think the one that isn't will recover, it's just having a difficult time rooting). Two Daruma and two Mazuma. Here's to hoping that I can start dividing rhizomes later this year. Hopefully I can make a new post about wasabi when it happens. I should probably put them outside once the temperature stabilizes a bit (and if I can find a shadecloth for them that my apartment manager won't object to.

What's up in the world:
Sadly (in my opinion), Oregon has just authorized the growing of Genetically Modified rapeseed (canola) in the Willamette Valley. I strongly object to this based on the simple fact that rapeseed is a brassica crop (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brassica). Since we rely so heavily on these plants for food, it means that the GM crops can easily cross pollinate with any other brassica crop nearby, things such as cabbage, broccoli, brussel sprouts, kohl rabi, cauliflower, mustards, turnips, etc. This would mean that anyone with these crops, those who save their seeds to replant the next year, would have to turn their seed crops over to Monsanto at the end of the year. This is especially horrendous when you think about people who have custom breeds that they have worked on their whole lives, only to lose their work now due to uncontrolled crossbreeding. There are many ways to get involved if you choose, but I'd start by contacting the Oregon Department of Agriculture (http://www.oregon.gov/oda/Pages/index.aspx).



Next Week: Most likely another journal entry, I'm planning on writing another article, this time chronicling cherimoya, but it will be a couple weeks at least. Until then, everyone, be excited! Spring is nearly here!

Gardening resources for February and March:

Sunday, January 6, 2013

Bio-Engineering


Again, the purpose of this blog is more on how to grow plants, growing with limited space availability, and education regarding plants. It isn't really meant to be a political outlet. That being said, it is impossible to separate politics out from most issues. It is a force that permeates our lives, as it should. We all have ideas that we cling to, opinions that we hold close, ideals that we invest in. Today's blog will focus on a very large issue that has come up in recent time. And although I would love to have converts, the main purpose of this entry will be to educate, if you are at least aware and thinking about the issue, then I have done well.

Today we will be talking about the genetic manipulation of plants for food. I'm hoping that most people who read this will at least have heard something about it. For those who haven't, it's important that you know; unless you buy organic (though that itself isn't a guarantee), already have a good knowledge of where you buy your food from, or grow all of your own food, most of what you eat now is genetically modified.

What is genetic manipulation? It is the process of splicing in genes from one creature into another. Of cutting out a piece of DNA from one animal, plant, fungus, etc. and adding into the genetic sequence of another. There are many reasons that this process is done, but, like many aspects of our society, the main drive is profit.

When this issue became noteworthy, it was sold to us as a means to increase crop yield to feed the poor. To grow more nutritious crops, ones with lower water needs, better disease resistance. In truth, the actual products we got were ones that resisted herbicide, so that the company that sells the seeds can sell you their herbicide as well. We got products that, once we bought into, were nearly impossible to de-invest ourselves in. Ones that set dangerous legal precedent that we have never seen before.

There are four plants that are the primary candidates for genetic modification, soybeans, corn, rapeseed (canola), and cotton (though wheat will soon make #5). There are others, and at the time of this writing, the first genetically modified animal is being put up for the FDA to review for human consumption, however I really just want to touch briefly on the fact that of the “big four”, the three food crops are in nearly every food product on the market. Soy is in nearly everything, corn is in nearly everything (high fructose corn syrup, anyone?), and canola oil is one of the most popular cooking oils in the United States.

So why does it matter? So most of our food is GM'd, or contains them, what's wrong with that? Well, the simple answer is, we don't know. Neither biotech companies nor the FDA tests them to see if they are suitable for consumption, either by humans or animals:

"Monsanto should not have to vouchsafe the safety of biotech food. Our interest is in selling as much of it as possible. Assuring its safety is the FDA's job." -- Phil Angell, Monsanto's director of corporate communications, quoted in the New York Times, October 25, 1998 (http://www.alternet.org/story/154951/millions_against_monsanto%3A_the_food_fight_of_our_lives)

"When a company comes in with data, the FDA looks at it and writes a letter saying, "Dear Monsanto, you supplied information regarding the safety of corn variety X and we are confident about what you've shown," Halloran says. “It is your responsibility."

No one knows if the food is safe, and no one tests it.

Besides the lack of evidence for food safety, one of my largest concerns is seed rights. For all of human history, the flow of seeds has been free. You may buy seeds from a company, however, neither they, nor you own the rights to the genes of the plant. If you collect seeds from the fruit, that is your right. If you want to replant those seeds or give them to a friend, you may. No one, nor any organization has ever had rights to the DNA of a creature. This is no longer true, and most frighteningly, this right has become the sole right of biotech companies, and no other organization or person has them. This means that if you purchase bio-engineered soy from one of these companies, they retain seed rights and you may not save them. You must re-purchase seeds every year from that company. And what makes these seeds special? They are resistant to the herbicide that the company makes. Do they use less water? No. Do they have disease resistance? No. High crop yield? No. You buy more expensive crop, that you have to re-purchase every year, which has one purpose, for you to spend more money on herbicide from the same company.

The even more dangerous side of this issue is that of cross-pollination. Plants reproduce with any member of the same genus. This means that, in the case of canola, it will happily breed with cabbage, turnips, broccoli, and many others. If your cabbage, which isn't modified, has now mated with a canola that is, and you replant those seeds, you can now be sued for stealing the DNA of a company's GM crop. I hope that the danger here is not lost on my readers. It boils down to the simple fact that, potentially, a biotech company can, through cross-pollination, own any and all plants that you grow, including any hybrids that you develop, fine you for theft, and do it entirely legally.

Though you yourself may not be a farmer or grow any kind of plants, I'm sure that you know at least one person who does. If you're reading my blog, you probably know me, so that gives you at least one person you know that could be affected. I honestly feel that this is, and will continue to be, one of the most important issues that we as a society will face. My botany instructor once told me that science moves faster than morality in our society; he was, and still is right.

___
If you want to dig deeper, there are many resources available online. A basic Google search will turn up both sides to the argument. Mine is admittedly one sided, however, I do present viable points. I urge all my readers to become better informed about this matter. I will probably touch on this controversy again, especially in relation to Oregon, but for now I hope that I've piqued interest in the issue.

___
Now for something completely different. Writing articles about growing during Winter, when many plants are dead or dormant can be a bit difficult. I haven't been publishing as many entries as I'd like, though I feel (or perhaps hope) that the quality has been going up. I will try to post more in the coming months with smaller updates, returning more to gardening in a small space, as well as longer posts, highlighting specific plants and politics as they seem appropriate.

Winter is long, but as we are past the Solstice and the days are growing longer. Sadly, in Oregon, the coldest part of Winter is still on it's way, but at least higher light levels will be returning. I hope you all had wonderful holidays, Spring will be here soon.

Friday, December 21, 2012

My Carnivores II


Continuing from last week, these are my “tropical” carnivores. That being said, none of these plants are temperate, but only two of these are truly tropical. One of which doesn't like hot weather. They can be a tad bit temperamental when it comes to conditions.

None of these plants like full sun. Many of them live in environments where they get bright filtered light or dappled sunlight all day. This presents a problem for temperate growers (like myself, living in Oregon), it will be alittle more difficult to keep them happy and healthy, especially in winter. I personally recommend a setup recommended by Sarracenia Northwest for winter months:

Get a 10 gallon fish aquarium and a two tube shoplight fixture capable of doing 40 Watts; get the appropriate 40W bulbs and put them on a timer for about 12 hours of light a day. Set it on top of the aquarium and place plants in and around it. For us it's been really really useful, but I'll talk about placement when we get to the individual plants. If you do want to go for the natural light, south windows are excellent year round.

Sundew (Drosera sp.)
 
Tropical sundew care is fairly similar to it's temperate cousin, the major difference being temperature. It prefers warmer conditions. It should be grown as a houseplant. Don't let it get below 55°F. It should also be in standing water like the Sarracenias. I've noticed that mine likes having its leaves clipped as they die back (made apparent by their lack of “dew”). Really, these are very easy plants. My cousin, Michael, has a temperate sundew, its care is nearly identical, the major difference being directness of light and the ability to overwinter. Sundews, like I've mentioned before, are great bug catchers. Having one indoors has been nice, it's constantly catching little gnats and fruit flies. If you have an appropriate window, they'll enjoy about 4 hours of direct sun, and bright light for the rest of the day. I currently am using the shoplight for it and all of my tropicals (since my apartment doesn't have adequate light during winter) and it is happy as a clam, or at least as cheerful as a sundew. I have it placed about a foot from my light and it seems to really enjoy it.



Butterworts (Pinguicula sp.)

Tropical butterworts are primarily native to Mexico and they are absolutely beautiful plants. They come in many different sizes and shapes, with varying leaf color which changes based on how much light they receive. They also have absolutely beautiful flowers ranging in color from purple to red to pink. They don't like to be in standing water, much like their temperate relatives, preferring to be in moist soil, not soaked soil. They have the same light requirements as the sundew, as well as placement if you desire to use the shoplight. They, likewise, are excellent bug catchers. They can survive hard water (greater than 50 ppm), but soft water is fine as well.

Cephalotus Follicularis

Cephalotus are native to Australia, their habitat being similar to the central California coast. They are pitcher plants, however they aren't related to Nepenthes. They grow low to the ground and form hairy, tubby pitchers that turn deep burgundy in the right light conditions. They do not like standing water, preferring to have moist soil, like the butterworts. Light requirements are the same as the other two preceding, as well as placement for shoplights. Something important to note is their dislike of warm soil. If you go the natural light route, you should place their pot into a larger ceramic pot with an airgap. This will help prevent their roots from overheating. All of these plants should remain in an environment where the air temperature is above 55°F, otherwise they will get cranky very fast. These are also slow growers, be prepared for that.

Nepenthes sp.

Nepenthes are my favorite plants in the whole wide world. There is something about them that just entrances me. Whenever I visit Sarracenia Northwest, I love visiting their Nepenthes greenhouse. They are beautiful plants and wonderful bug catchers. They are also one of the few carnivores aside from butterworts that have some tolerance to hard water. That being said, you should still use less than 50 pmm water for this and all of these plants. I've always has some difficulty with the proper light requirements for Nepenthes, however, they do like the shop light for winter growing. During brighter months, 4 hours of direct light and very bright or dappled light for the rest of the day works. Conversely, having them in very bright filtered light is great if you have the right setup for it. Something else to know about Nepenthes, most of them get rather large. An average of about 2 feet tall, though there are smaller and much larger species. Eventually, most won't fit under a shop light. While they fit, 8 inches to 1 foot is good. Feel it out, the plant will let you know when it's too close or two far from the light.




Heliamphora sp.


Heliamphora are rare tropical pitcher plants that are native to Ecuador. They live in conditions that have little to no fluctuations in light levels, temperature, or water amount year round. They are, perhaps, the most difficult carnivorous plant to grow. This is the reason that I have a timed shop light set up, it is for this plant and this plant only. I have all of the tropicals under it, but it really for our Heliamphora. 12 hours of light, starting and ending at the same time every day, temperature between 65-75°F, always, and constantly moist soil. Keep them about a foot from the light. If you're up for a challenge, these are for you. And there is something so satisfying about seeing a new pitcher opening. A very hard plant to grow, but very rewarding. I should mention that they can tolerate temperatures above 75, but they start growing very slowly.

There you have it! This ends my indulgent posts about my plants (for now). I hope that if you've ever been inclined to grow carnivores that this can be a nice reference guide. I love my carnivores. They are all beautiful and unique. If you want an interesting conversation piece, love exotic plants, or just want to have something a little different, I highly recommend them.



Sarracenia Northwest care sheets:
http://www.cobraplant.com/caresheets?zenid=40rd7t5bnb89vcb83un2km3fl3

A wonderful society for those that have the carnivore bug:
http://www.carnivorousplants.org/


Next week: More politics as I present my opinion on the genetic manipulation of food.

All the photos here are mine, except where noted. They are all under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.